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Maria Louisa Bustill : ウィキペディア英語版 | Maria Louisa Bustill
Maria Louisa Bustill Robeson (November 8, 1853 – January 20, 1904) was a Quaker schoolteacher; the wife of the Reverend William Drew Robeson of Witherspoon Street Presbyterian Church in Princeton, New Jersey and the mother of Paul Robeson and his siblings.〔 ==Early life and education== Maria Louisa Bustill (sometimes called Louisa as a child) was born in 1853 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, of African, Igbo, Lenni-Lenape Native American, and Anglo-American descent. Her parents were Charles Hicks Bustill and Emily Robinson, prominent black Quakers.〔 Her Bustill ancestors had been free since the mid-1700s, when her great-grandfather Cyrus Bustill was freed after several years of service to a new owner in Burlington, New Jersey. He moved into Philadelphia where he built a business as a baker and married Elizabeth Morrey, a woman of mixed ancestry who was the granddaughter of Humphrey Morrey, the first mayor of Philadelphia. Lenape descent.〔 Active with other free black leaders, Bustill became one of the founders in Philadelphia of the Free African Society in 1787, "the first mutual aid organization of African Americans. Through the years, the Bustills became teachers, artists, business people, and pioneers in many professions."〔 Other family had genealogical records going back to the early days of the Pennsylvania colony.〔(Sheila Tully Boyle, Andrew Bunie, ''Paul Robeson: The Years of Promise And Achievement'' ), University of Massachusetts Press, 2005, p. 10〕 In the 1870s, Louisa attended Lincoln University, a historically black university in Pennsylvania. She was already a teacher when she met William Drew Robeson.〔 Both she and her sister Gertrude married men who were Lincoln graduates, but her family thought Louisa had "married down" by choosing Robeson.〔
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